英语阅读的词汇阈限     

韩刚  耿凤竹 《山东教育学院学报》2007,22(4):102-104

在一定条件下,词汇知识与英语阅读能力密切相关。词汇知识的描述可以从广度和深度两个方面进行,词汇知识的统计要明确词标、基础词、词族和词项四个概念。要形成独立阅读英语原著的能力,词汇知识至少要达到3000词的词汇阈限。超过这个阈限后,母语阅读技能开始向英语阅读大规模迁移;达不到这个阈限,词汇知识不足是制约英语阅读能力的主要因素。  相似文献   

谈英语应用能力考试中阅读能力的培养     

周游  方向红  占卫国 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2003,5(3):48-51

本文探讨了英语应用能力考试中阅读能力的提高的方法和策略。首先,要打下扎实的阅读理解基础。阅读基础是阅读的起码要求,不具备基础阅读就无法进行。其次,要掌握正确的阅读方法。考生可根据文章的难易程度和自己对文章的理解程度采取不同的阅读方法。再次,在阅读过程中运用一些技巧,可提高速度和正确率,促进英语综合能力的全面发展。  相似文献   

The role of phonological and syntactic awareness in second-language reading: The case of Spanish-speaking learners of French     

Lefrançois  Pascale  Armand  Françoise 《Reading and writing》2003,16(3):219-246

Spanish-speaking learners of French, aged 9 to 11 years old, were tested after approximately 7months of French instruction to explore the contribution of phonological and syntactic awareness in L2 in 4 components of L2 reading, taking oral competence in L2 andreading in L1 into account. Phonological tasksin L2 better explain decoding. Word recognitionthrough the visual route is best explained bythe corresponding ability in L1. Sentencecomprehension is best explained by oralcompetence in L2, although it is stronglycorrelated with syntactic awareness. Finally,text comprehension is explained by thecorresponding ability in L1, althoughcorrelations with syntactic awareness and oralcompetence are strong. Theoretical implicationsare derived from these findings, and questionsrelative to the subjects' age and level ofbilingualism as well as methodological issuesare discussed.  相似文献   

Subtypes of developmental dyslexia: The influence of definitional variables   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Linda S. Siegel  Ellen B. Ryan 《Reading and writing》1989,1(3):257-287

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that the manner in which a reading disability is defined will influence the conclusions that are made about the characteristics of the disability. To test this hypothesis, learning disabled and normally achieving children, aged 6 to 14, were administered tasks measuring grammatical, shortterm memory, phonological, reading, and visual-spatial skills. The poor readers were divided into groups of poor readers with

1.	inadequate phonics skills,
2.	inadequate word recognition skills,
3.	adequate word recognition skills but low reading comprehension scores, and
4.	adequate word recognition scores but a slow reading speed.

These children were compared with children who had normal reading scores. Children with deficits in phonics and/or word recognition scored significantly below normal on all the cognitive tests, except some of the visual-spatial tasks. Reading comprehension difficulties were characterized by average phonics, word recognition, and language skills but below average scores on some memory tasks. Slow readers had cognitive profiles similar to the normal children. The presence of a deficit in phonics and/or word recognition constituted the basis of the most serious impairment of language and memory functioning. Reading disabled children, defined in this manner, appear to be reasonably homogeneous in regard to the presence of language and memory problem. There does not appear to be evidence for a distinctive non-language impaired subtype within this type of reading disability. Children with low comprehension scores and/or slow readers did not have language problems. The definition of a reading disability appears to determine the subtypes and characteristics of reading disability that will emerge.  相似文献   

Longitudinal predictors of reading comprehension in French at first grade: Unpacking the oral comprehension component of the simple view     

《Learning and Instruction》2019

According to the simple view of reading (SVR), reading comprehension relies on “decoding” (pseudoword, word reading) and “oral comprehension” skills. Testing 556 French pupils, we aimed at unpacking these two components and tracking their longitudinal development in first grade. We have found that: (1) lower level language skills (vocabulary, syntax) and discourse skills (oral text comprehension) emerged as two dimensions of “oral comprehension”; (2) lower level language skills longitudinally predicted reading comprehension outcomes, above code-related skills; (3) decoding precursors (letter knowledge, naming speed and phonemic awareness) predicted reading comprehension directly, and indirectly, through decoding skills (pseudoword, word reading, text reading fluency); (4) Oral comprehension skills did not favour the development of decoding. Our results support the independency of the SVR components. However, we suggest that a more fine-grained conceptualisation of oral comprehension skills would help to better understand the individual and pedagogical factors influencing the early development of reading comprehension.  相似文献   

Improving Academic Performance of Sport and Exercise Science Undergraduate Students in Gross Anatomy Using a Near-Peer Teaching Program     

Ricardo Borges Viana  Mário Hebling Campos  Douglas de Assis Teles Santos  Isabela Cristina Maioni Xavier  Rodrigo Luiz Vancini  Marília Santos Andrade  Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(1):74-81

Peer and near-peer teaching programs are common in medical undergraduate courses. However, there are no studies that have investigated the effectiveness of a near-peer teaching program on the academic performance of undergraduate students pursuing sport and exercise science coursework. This study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of such a program for students who participated in a course on the functional anatomy of the locomotor apparatus. A total of 39 student participants were divided into two groups: students in one group voluntarily attended at least one session of a near-peer teaching program, and students in the other group attended no sessions. The final grade (range 0–100%) was recorded and used as an indicator of academic performance. The final grade of students who attended the near-peer teaching program (69.5 ± 16.0%) was 38.7% higher (P = 0.002, d = 1.06) than those who did not (50.1 ± 20.4%). When the academic performance of the same students was evaluated in another course (exercise physiology) that did not offer a near-peer teaching program, there were no significant differences between the groups (students who attended or did not attend the near-peer teaching program). A significant positive association was found between near-peer teaching program frequency and the number of students approved and not approved in the course (P = 0.041). A significant difference (P = 0.001) was found in the attendance at regular classes between the group who participated in the near-peer teaching program (median: 62 hours; IQR [interquartile ranges]: 4.0 hours) and those who did not (median: 58 hours; IQR: 4.0 hours). Gender was not a moderating factor on academic performance or near-peer teaching program attendance. These results highlight the effectiveness of a near-peer teaching program on the academic performance of students from a sport and exercise science degree program while enrolled in an anatomy course. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

课堂阅读教学中培养学生创新思维的思考     

刘莉 《贵州教育学院学报》2003,19(6):83-85

把学生放在真正意义的主体位置上，作到学生自主自觉参与学习，师生民主交流，以学生的阅读实践代替教师的课文讲解及学生的听讲和笔记，培养学生正确理解和运用祖国的语言文字，自如地用最少时间最大容量地获取知识和信息，解放心灵和才智，全方位进入语文求知天地，发展创新思维，使他们个性得到一定范围内的充分发展，应是成功的课堂阅读教学的首要任务。  相似文献   

Should the Simple View of Reading Include a Fluency Component?     

Suzanne M. Adlof  Hugh W. Catts  Todd D. Little 《Reading and writing》2006,19(9):933-958

The Simple View of Reading states that reading comprehension is the product of word recognition and listening comprehension. Whereas much research has focused on word recognition accuracy, recent attention has been directed toward word recognition fluency. The current study investigated whether a separate fluency component should be added to the Simple View of Reading. A battery of reading and language measures was administered to 604 children in second, fourth, and eighth grades. Approximately half these children had language and/or nonverbal cognitive impairments in kindergarten, but weighting procedures were used to reduce the potential bias this sampling characteristic may have entailed. Structural equation modeling was used to determine whether fluency accounted for unique variance in reading comprehension after controlling for word recognition accuracy and listening comprehension. Individual profile analyses were conducted to determine the number of individual participants who␣had poor fluency in the spite of good word recognition accuracy and listening comprehension. Results showed that fluency did not account for unique variance in reading␣comprehension and that few individuals had problems in fluency separate from word recognition accuracy or listening comprehension. Thus, it does not appear that a separate fluency component should be added to the Simple View of Reading.  相似文献   

The Relationship of Spelling Recognition, RAN, and Phonological Awareness to Reading Skills in Older Poor Readers and Younger Reading-Matched Controls     

Tami Katzir  YoungSuk Kim  Maryanne Wolf  Becky Kennedy  Maureen Lovett  Robin Morris 《Reading and writing》2006,19(8):845-872

The role of spelling recognition was examined in word reading skills and reading comprehension for dyslexic and nondyslexic children. Dyslexic and nondyslexic children were matched on their raw word reading proficiency. Relationships between spelling recognition and the following were examined for both groups of children: verbal ability, working memory, phonological measures, rapid naming, word reading, and reading comprehension. Children’s performance in spelling recognition was significantly associated with their skills in word reading and reading comprehension regardless of their reading disability status. Furthermore, spelling recognition contributed significant variance to reading comprehension for both dyslexic and nondyslexic children after the effects of phonological awareness, rapid naming, and word reading proficiency had been accounted for. The results support the role of spelling recognition in reading development for both groups of children and they are discussed using a componential reading fluency framework.  相似文献   

加强林业培训基地建设 搞好重点工程配套培训——兼论中德林业培训与进修项目在六大重点工程培训中的功效     

朱延福 《高校教育管理》2004,(4)

加强林业培训基地建设是搞好六大重点工程配套培训的重要基础。以北京林业管理干部学院为执行方 的中德林业培训与进修项目在支持林干院按时代要求确立新的发展方位,提高培训能力,直接推进林业培训活动等方 面发挥了最大限度的影响力,对林业行业培训、特别是六大重点工程配套培训产生了助推功效。  相似文献